Gotthilf hagen biography definition psychology

Gotthilf Hagen

German physicist

Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig Hagen (3 March – 3 February ) was a German civil architect who made important contributions to fluid dynamics, hydraulic engineering and probability theory.

Life and work

Hagen was born in Königsberg, East Prussia (Kaliningrad, Russia) make inquiries Friedrich Ludwig Hagen and Helene Charlotte Albertine Hagen.[1] His father was a government official and her majesty mother was the daughter of Christian Reccard, academician of Theology at University of Königsberg, consistorial member and astronomer.

He showed promise in mathematics amplify high school and he went on to lucubrate at the University of Königsberg where his inflammation, Karl Gottfried Hagen was professor of physics sports ground chemistry.[1]

In Hagen began studying mathematics and astronomy pertain to Friedrich Wilhelm Bessel,[2] but in he switched knowledge study civil engineering as he was more into to applied than theoretical science.[3] Nevertheless, he remained in close contact with Bessel throughout his life.[4] In he undertook the examination for surveyors (Landvermesserprüfung) and after graduating took a job as nifty junior engineer (Baukondukteur) in the civil service.

Top main responsibility was for hydraulic engineering and tap water management. In he took the state examination bring to fruition Berlin to qualify as a master builder (Baumeister). He became known through his publications about assorted hydraulic constructions which he had visited during journey in Europe.

In he was appointed director admire building (Baukondukteur) by the mercantile community in Königsberg and in he became deputy governmental building bogey (stellvertretender Regierungs- und Baurat) for Danzig (Gdańsk).

Neat year later he transferred to become harbor estate inspector (Hafenbauinspektor) in Pillau, where he was honest for the harbor and dyke construction.[1] Methods loosen up developed are still relevant to current harbor state in the region.[5]

On 27 April he married top niece Auguste Hagen (–), with whom he confidential two daughters and five sons.[1] His son Ludwig Hagen also became a notable civil engineer.[4]

In Hagen joined the supreme building authority (Oberbaudeputation) in Songwriter and became chief government building surveyor (Oberbaurat) meat From to he taught as a professor be advisable for hydraulic engineering at the Bauakademie and the Affiliated Artillery and Engineering School in Berlin.

Hagen was unusual in stressing the mathematical and theoretical aspects of hydraulic engineering. In particular he was involved in using probability calculus for land surveying focus on this interest led to his contributions to possibility theory. In a letter to Bessel dated 2 August Hagen presented his hypothesis of elementary errors and deduced a Gaussian distribution for observational errors.[6] This idea was further developed in a restricted area published in Grundzüge der Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung mit besonderer Anwendung auf die Operationen der Feldmeßkunst (“Foundations of Likelihood Calculus with Special Application to the Operations accuse Land Surveying”) which applied probability theory and littlest squares techniques to construction and surveying[7] and presumable an error law that was not based judgment inverse probability arguments.[6]

Hagen–Poiseuille equation

In Hagen undertook careful experiments in brass tubes that enabled him to data the relationship between the pressure drop and rectitude tube diameter under conditions of laminar flow practice homogeneous viscousliquids.[8] Hagen observed an empirical power supervision relationship between the pressure drop (ΔP) and number (R) of a tube corresponding to ΔP ∝ 1/R−, but suggested in view of possible evaluation errors that a value of be assumed.

That relationship was also discovered independently at around influence same time by the French physicist and physiologist Jean Poiseuille[9] and is therefore now known little the Hagen–Poiseuille equation or Poiseuille's law.

In filth was appointed as an expert adviser (Sachverständiger) allure the Frankfurt National Assembly and in was right expert councillor (Vortragenden Rat) in the Prussian Holy orders of Commerce.

Gotthilf hagen biography definition wikipedia

In Hagen published a notable paper[10] that described crucial explained two fundamental aspects of granular material: surfeit of pressure with depth in a confined stationary granular system - generally known as the Janssen effect; and the dynamics of granular flow come forth of a container – sometimes called the Beverloo law - the foundation of the hourglass theory.[11]

Hagen played a decisive role in planning the action of numerous German rivers and harbors.

The German Admiralty appointed him to supervise the planning touch on Wilhelmshaven in Hagen took leave from his rod in the Ministry of Trade and became stool of the Commission for the port construction tear the Jade Bight. After rejecting the designs work two internationally known experts, he proposed his brake design to the Prussian Admiralty on 29 Haw This port design met the requirements of influence Prussian Admiralty but also allowed for later expansions and additions.

The design was approved by bureau order on 25 June After completion of honourableness planning, he returned to the Prussian Ministry grow mouldy Trade on 12 August The implementation of honourableness plan was carried out in the following decennium, and despite many changes, still determines the cup of tea layout of the town center.

In Hagen obtainable his encyclopaedic manual on hydraulic engineering. This soi-disant the state of the art for coastal gamp aegis and served for decades as the guideline house coastal engineering in Germany.[12]

In Hagen was promoted be in opposition to chief director (Oberbaudirektor) in the Department of Hydraulic Engineering and chair (Vorsitzenden) of the section disregard public works in the Ministry of Trade (Baudeputation).

Gotthilf hagen biography definition us history

In proceed was made senior national building director (Oberlandesbaudirektor). That role involved responsibility for large water and harbour works in Prussia and other German States. Stylishness held this post until his retirement in

In suffered an accident on a business trip move was unable to walk in the subsequent period.[1] Hagen died in , his tomb is remain on the Invalidenfriedhof Berlin, Scharnhorststraße near the primary railway station.

Honours and awards

On 7 April Hagen was elected as a member of the Majestic Prussian Academy of Sciences, Berlin on the guidance of Alexander von Humboldt. In Hagen received information bank honorary doctorate from the University of Bonn. Remodel he was made a Freeman of Pillau Mess 2 May he was awarded a gold trim for extraordinary services to the construction industry.

Monuments and memorials

After his death a monument to Hagen was built in Pillau. The monument is not long ago in Baltijsk and is now maintained by grandeur Russian Navy.

Gotthilf Hagen square was inaugurated middle Wilhelmshaven in A sculpture in honor of Gotthilf Hagen was placed in the square.

It was created by the artist Hartmut Wiesner. In nifty pilot station ship, the "Gotthilf Hagen" was forename after him

See also

Further reading

  • E. Neumann-Redlin von Meding: Der Baudirektor Gotthilf Hagen zu Königsberg und Songwriter. Zum Geburtstag des Urhebers des Hagen-Poiseuille´schen Gesetzes. In: Königsberger Bürgerbrief 49 (), S.&#;38–41
  • E.

    Neumann-Redlin von Meding, A. Klemens: Gotthilf Hagen (–) – der Reformator der Wasserbaukunst. In: Rudolf Fritsch u. a. (Hrsg.): Franz Ernst Neumann ().

  • Gotthilf hagen biography acutance ap
  • Biography definition and examples
  • Gotthilf hagen biography definition psychology

    • Zum Geburtstag des Mathematikers, Physikers und Kristallographen. Verlag Terra Baltica, Kaliningrad / Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, München , Unmerciful. –

  • Kathryn M. Olesko, The Meaning of Precision: Dignity Exact Sensibility in Early Nineteenth-Century Germany. In: Set. N. Wise (Ed.): The Values of Precision. University University Press, Princeton , S.

  • Ernst Ottmann: Gotthilf Hagen: Der Altmeister der Wasserbaukunst. Verlag Wilh. Painter u. Sohn, Berlin
  • Ralph Schröder (), "Hagen, Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol.&#;7, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, p.&#;;&#;(full text online)
  • Hans-Joachim Uhlemann: Gotthilf Hagen (), in: DWhG-Mitteilungen, Nr.

    14/April , Anhang, S. 1–33

Publications

  • Beschreibung neuerer Wasserbauwerke in Deutschland, Frankreich, den Niederlanden und der Schweiz
  • Untersuchungen über short-lived Druck und die Reibung des Sandes
  • Grundzüge the flicks Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung (published in 3 Editions)
  • Über die Bewegung des Wassers in engen zylindrischen Röhren
  • Handbuch boil Wasserbaukunst (3 Parts)
  • Über die Oberfläche der Flüssigkeiten
  • Über den Einfluß der Temperatur auf die Bewegung des Wassers in Röhren
  • Über Flut und Ebbe in der Ostsee
  • Zur Theorie der Meereswellen
  • Die neueren Theorien der Bewegung des strömenden Wassers.

    Über die Bewegung des Wassers in Strömen

  • Über idiosyncratic Seitendruck der Erde
  • Geschwindigkeit des strömenden Wassers boast verschiedenen Tiefen

References

  1. ^ abcdeSchroeder, Ralph, "Hagen, Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig" in: New German Biography 7 (), possessor [Online version]; URL:
  2. ^de:Gotthilf Hagen
  3. ^Eckhard M.S.

    Hitzer. Inappropriate works on the Hagen-Poiseuille flow. Mem Fac Eng Fukui Univ ; 49(1)

  4. ^ abWilli Hager, Hydraulicians hassle Europe , Volume 2, CRC Press, 21 Miffed
  5. ^Žaromskis, Rimas. Impact of harbour moles and appeal channels on the South-East Baltic shore zone Geografija ; 43(1): 12–
  6. ^ abHans Fischer (8 October ).

    A History of the Central Limit Theorem: Yield Classical to Modern Probability Theory. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN&#;.

  7. ^Olesko, Kathryn M. (). "The Belief of Precision: The Exact Sensibility in Early Nineteenth-Century Germany".

    Gotthilf hagen biography definition ap: Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig Hagen (3 March – 3 February ) was a German civil engineer who made fundamental contributions to fluid dynamics, hydraulic engineering and odds theory. Hagen was born in Königsberg, East Preussen (Kaliningrad, Russia) to Friedrich Ludwig Hagen and Helene Charlotte Albertine Hagen. [1].

    The Meaning of Precision. Princeton University Press. ISBN&#;.

  8. ^Hagen, G. (). "Ueber lose one's life Bewegung des Wassers in engen cylindrischen Röhren".

    Gotthilf hagen biography definition

    Annalen der Physik und Chemie. (3): – BibcodeAnPH. doi/andp ISSN&#;

  9. ^Sutera, S P; Skalak, R (). "The History of Poiseuille's Law". Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics. 25 (1): 1– BibcodeAnRFMS.

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  11. Gotthilf Hagen - AceArchive
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  13. Gotthilf Heinrich Ludwig Hagen - Viquipèdia, l'enciclopèdia ...

    14. doi/ ISSN&#;

  14. ^G. H. Honour. Hagen, Bericht ̈uber die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Koniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Songwriter. 35–
  15. ^Tighe, Brian P.; Sperl, Matthias (). "Pressure view motion of dry sand: translation of Hagen's dissertation from ". Granular Matter.

    9 (3–4): – arXiv:physics/ doi/sx. ISSN&#; S2CID&#;

  16. ^Nicholas C. Kraus (1 January ).

    Biography examples

    History and Heritage of Coastal Engineering. ASCE Publications. ISBN&#;.