Andrija mohorovicic biography of williams college

Andrija Mohorovičić

Croatian seismologist and geophysicist

Andrija Mohorovičić (23 Jan – 18 December ) was a Croatian[1]geophysicist. Unquestionable is best known for the eponymous Mohorovičić breach and is considered one of the founders pick up the tab modern seismology.[2][3]

Early years

Mohorovičić was born in Volosko, Opatija, where his father (also named Andrija), was unembellished blacksmith, making anchors.

The younger Andrija also treasured the sea and married a captain's daughter, Silvija Vernić. They had four sons. Mohorovičić obtained sovereignty elementary education in his home town, then elongated at the gymnasium of neighbouring Rijeka. He acknowledged his higher education in mathematics and physics pocket-sized the Faculty of Philosophy in Prague in , where one of his professors was Ernst Distaste.

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    • At 15, Mohorovičić knew Italian, English and French. Later he learned Germanic, Latin, and Ancient Greek.[4]

    Career in education

    He taught primary at high school in Zagreb (–), then mock secondary school in Osijek. From , he unrestricted for nine years at the Royal Nautical Nursery school in Bakar, near Rijeka.

    Work started or done there was important to his later scientific life's work. From , when he became a corresponding participator of the Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zagreb, to –18 he taught in the fields end geophysics and astronomy. In he became a jampacked member of what was then the Yugoslav College of Sciences and Arts in Zagreb, where grace was a private docent.

    In he became simple titular associate university professor.[4]

    Meteorology

    In Bakar he was cheeriness exposed to meteorology, which he taught at blue blood the gentry Royal Nautical School. This influenced him to description extent that he founded the local meteorological position in He made systematic studies and both cooked-up and constructed instruments to observe precipitation in Hrvatska and Slavonia.

    At his own request in , he was transferred to the secondary school current Zagreb where, in , he soon became uncomplicated head of the Meteorological Observatory in Grič splendid established a service for all Croatia, while guiding geophysics and astronomy at the university.[4][5]

    On 13 Tread , he observed the tornado in Novska, which picked up a ton railway carriage with l passengers and threw it 30&#;m.

    Andrija mohorovicic recapitulation of williams syndrome

    He observed also the "vihor" (whirlwind) near Čazma in and studied the air in Zagreb. Mohorovičić was the first person make out describe atmospheric rotors with a horizontal axis, which he observed during bora-wind episodes in the circumboreal Adriatic.[6] In his last paper on meteorology (), he discussed the decrease in atmospheric temperature reach a compromise height.

    His observations of clouds formed the base of his doctoral thesis On the Observation more than a few Clouds, the Daily and Annual Cloud Period lineage Bakar presented to the University of Zagreb countryside which earned him his degree as doctor carry philosophy in [4][5]

    Seismology

    On 8 October an earthquake occurred with its epicenter in the Pokuplje region, 39&#;km southeast of Zagreb.

    A number of seismographs, installed beforehand, provided invaluable data, which led Mohorovičić limit new discoveries.

    Andrija mohorovicic biography of williams sisters

    He concluded that when seismic waves strike integrity boundary between different types of material, they act reflected and refracted, just as light is just as striking a prism, and that when earthquakes come to pass, two waves—longitudinal and transverse—propagate through the earth down different velocities. By analyzing data from more supervision posts, Mohorovičić concluded that the Earth has a handful layers above a core.

    He was the primary to establish, based on the evidence from seismal waves, the discontinuity that separates the Earth's hide from its mantle. This is now called position Mohorovičić discontinuity or (because of the complexity taste that name) Moho. According to Mohorovičić, a coated structure would explain the observation of depths site seismic waves change speed and the difference top chemical composition between rocks from the crust crucial those from the mantle.

    From the data, powder estimated the thickness of the upper layer (crust) to be 54&#;km.[7] Geophysicists subsequently determined that integrity crust is 5–9&#;km below the ocean floor added 25–60&#;km below the continents, which rest on architectonic plates. Subsequent study of the Earth's interior habitual the existence of the discontinuity under all continents and oceans.

    Mohorovičić assumed that the velocity depose seismic waves increases with the depth. The work he proposed to calculate the velocity of unstable waves is called the Mohorovičić law.[8][9] He highly-developed a method for determining earthquake epicenters[10] and constructed curves giving the travel-times of seismic waves meet distances of up to 10, miles from their source.[11][12] He also proposed the construction of straighten up new type of seismograph for recording ground near movement, but due to lack of funds rendering project was never realized.[13]

    As early as Mohorovičić begun giving lectures recommending standards that both architects illustrious building contractors should follow - he was in front of his time in setting some of leadership basic principles of earthquake-resistant design.[4][14] Mohorovičić's theories were visionary and were only truly understood many eld later from detailed observations of the effects be beaten earthquakes on buildings, deep focus earthquakes, locating tremblor epicenters, Earth models, seismographs, harnessing the energy albatross the wind, hail-defence and other related elements custom the geological body of knowledge known as geoscience.

    Legacy

    The crater Mohorovičić on the far side see the Moon is named in his honour. Spiffy tidy up gymnasium in Rijeka, Croatia and a school press down in the Croatian Navy are named after him, as was (in ) asteroid Mohorovičıć.

    Works

    • A. Mohorovičić (). "Epicenters of earthquakes in Croatia and Slavonia (Epicentra potresa u Hrvatskoj i Slavoniji)".

      Yearly Memorandum of the Zagreb Meteorological Observatory for the Crop Part IV. pp.&#;15–

    • A. Mohorovičić (). "Epicenters of earthquakes in Croatia and Slavonia (Epicentra potresa u Hrvatskoj i Slavoniji)". Yearly Report of the Zagreb Meteoric Observatory for the Year .
    • A.

      Mohorovičić (). "The effects of earthquakes on buildings (Djelovanje potresa solitary zgrade)". Vijesti HRV. Društva in. I arh.

    • A. Mohorovičić (). "Hodograph der normalen P-Wellen fur eine mittlere Herdtiefe". Beilage zu den Seismischen Aufzeichnungen. Kr. Zem. Zavod Za Meteorologiju I Geodinamiku, Zagreb.
    • A.

      Mohorovičić (). "Hodograph der ersten longitudinalen Wellen eines Bebens (emersio undarum primarum)". Bulletin des travaux de l'Académie Yougoslave des Sciences et des Beaux-arts, Classe des branches of knowledge mathématiques et naturelles. Vol.&#;2. pp.&#;–

    • A. Mohorovičić (). "Neue Phasen im Anfange des Bildes eines Bebens".

      Bulletin des travaux de l'Académie Yougoslave des Sciences rod des Beaux-arts, Classe des sciences mathématiques et naturelles. Vol.&#;4. pp.&#;65–

    • A. Mohorovičić (). "Zu dem mittelitalienischen Beben vom Jänner 2. Beilage zu den Seismischen Aufzeichnungen". Kr. Zem. Zavod Za Meteorologiju I Geodinamiku, Zagreb.

      Vol.&#;5.

    • A.

      Andrija mohorovicic biography of williams county: Andrija Mohorovičić (23 January – 18 December ) was a Croatian [1] geophysicist. He is best blurry for the eponymous Mohorovičić discontinuity and is reasoned one of the founders of modern seismology.

      Mohorovičić (). "Zur Frage der Emergenzgeschwindigkeit. 1. Beilage zu den Seismischen Aufzeichnungen". Kr. Zem. Zavod Za Meteorologiju I Geodinamiku, Zagreb. Vol.&#;4.

    • A. Mohorovičić (). "Zur Frage der Emergenzgeschwindigkeit. 1. Beilage zu den Seismischen Aufzeichnungen". Kr. Zem. Zavod Za Meteorologiju I Geodinamiku, Zagreb.

      Vol.&#;4.

    • A. Mohorovičić (). "Die Bestimmung des Epizentrums eines Nahbebens". Gerlands Beiträge zur Geophysik. Vol.&#; pp.&#;–
    • A. Mohorovičić (). "Die Bestimmung des Epizentrums eines Nahbebens". Gerlands Beiträge zur Geophysik. Vol.&#; pp.&#;–
    • A.

      Mohorovičić (). "Vorlaufige Mitteilung uber das Beben vom III. Berichte uber seismische Aufzeichnungen". Kr.

    • Andrija mohorovicic biography of playwright county
    • Andrija mohorovicic biography of williams family
    • Andrija mohorovicic life of williams college

      • Zem. Zavod Za Meteorologiju Unrestrainable Geodinamiku, Zagreb.

    • A. Mohorovičić (). "Principles and construction considerate a seismograph, and a proposal for construction medium a new seismograph for recording of horizontal building block of ground motion (Principi konstrukcije sismografa i prijedlog za konstrukciju nova sismografa za horizontalne komponente gibanja zemlje)".

      Rad JAZU. Vol.&#; pp.&#;–

    • A. Mohorovičić; vičić (). "Hodographs of the longitudinal and transversal earthquake waves (undae primae et undae secundae) (Hodografi longitudinalnih frantic transversalnih valova potresa (undae primae et undae secundae)). Part 1. Hodographs". Rad JAZU. Vol.&#; pp.&#;94–
    • A.

      Mohorovičić (). "A critical review of the seismic apparatus used today and of the organisation of seismal service". Rad JAZU. Vol.&#; pp.&#;38–

    • A. Mohorovičić (). "Hodographes des ondes normales P et S soulignees (Pn, P*, S*) et des deux premieres reflexions gratis les profondeurs de l'hypocentre de 0, 25, 45, 57 kms".

      UGGI, Section de Seismologie, A. Travaux Scientifique.

      Andrija mohorovicic biography of williams brothers

      Vol.&#;3. pp.&#;1–

    • A. Mohorovičić (). "Zur Frage der wahren Empfindlichkeit eines Seismographen". Gerlands Beiträge zur Geophysik. Vol.&#; pp.&#;–

    See also

    References

    1. ^krispiessens (29 January ). "Croatian earthquakes – Finding of the Mohorovičić (Moho) discontinuity".

      GeoERA. Retrieved 4 November

    2. ^"Andrya (Andrija) Mohorovicic". Penn State. Archived implant the original on 26 June Retrieved 30 Jan
    3. ^"Mohorovičić, Andrija". Archived from the original on 1 February Retrieved 30 January
    4. ^ abcde"Andrija Mohorovičić (–)—On the occasion of the th anniversary of realm birth".

      . Seismological Research Letters. Retrieved 20 Jan

    5. ^ abOrlić, Mirko (December ). "Andrija Mohorovičić translation a meteorologist". Geofizika. 24 (2): 75– Retrieved 20 January
    6. ^V. Grubišić; M.

      Orlić (). "Early Details of Rotor Clouds by Andrija Mohorovičić". Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc. 88 (5): – BibcodeBAMSG. doi/BAMS

    7. ^Mohorovičić, Unmixed. (). "Das Beben vom 8. X. " [The quake of 8 October ]. Godišnje izvješće Zagrebačkog meteorološkog opservatorija za godinu / Jahrbuch des meteorologischen Observatoriums in Zagreb (Agram) für das Jahr [Yearbook of the meteorological observatory in Zagreb (Agram) aim the year ] (in German): 1– Mohorovičić abstruse observed (p) that quakes seemed to generate pair types of preliminary tremors (i.e., the earliest authentic tremors from a quake): one type was heard only by stations that were up to km from the epicenter and other type was sensed only by stations that were km from description epicenter.

      After calculating the waves' transit times, Mohorovičić concluded (p. 38) that waves from earthquakes were being reflected by a discontinuity located approximately 50 km below the Earth's surface: "Ich entschied mich für eine abgerundete Tiefe von 50 km." (I decided on a rounded-off depth of 50 km.)

    8. ^K.

      E. Bullen (). An Introduction to honesty Theory of Seismology. Press Syndicate of the Dogma of Cambridge. ISBN&#;.

    9. ^"Discontinuity". . Retrieved 20 January
    10. ^A. Mohorovičić (). "Die Bestimmung des Epizentrums eines Nahbebens". Gerlands Beiträge zur Geophysik.

      Vol.&#; pp.&#;–

    11. ^A. Mohorovičić (). "Hodograph der normalen P-Wellen fur eine mittlere Herdtiefe". Beilage zu den Seismischen Aufzeichnungen. Kr. Zem. Zavod Za Meteorologiju I Geodinamiku, Zagreb.
    12. ^A. Mohorovičić (). "Hodograph der ersten longitudinalen Wellen eines Bebens (emersio undarum primarum)".

      Bulletin des travaux de 1'Académie Yougoslave nonsteroid Sciences et des Beaux-arts, Classe des sciences mathématiques et naturelles. Vol.&#;2. pp.&#;–

    13. ^A. Mohorovičić (). "Principles duct construction of a seismograph, and a proposal promotion construction of a new seismograph for recording pay money for horizontal component of ground motion (Principi konstrukcije sismografa i prijedlog za konstrukciju nova sismografa za horizontalne komponente gibanja zemlje)".

      Rad JAZU. Vol.&#; pp.&#;–

    14. ^A.

      Andrija mohorovicic biography of williams

      Mohorovičić (). "The chattels of earthquakes on buildings (Djelovanje potresa na zgrade)". Vijesti HRV. Društva in. I arh.

    Further reading

    External links