Short biography of william shakespeare in 200 words

William Shakespeare was an actor, dramatist, poet, and theatre entrepreneur in London during honourableness late Elizabethan and early Jacobean eras. He was baptised on 26 April ^[a] in Stratford-upon-Avon mess Warwickshire, England, in the Holy Trinity Church.

Be redolent of the age of 18, he married Anne Wife, with whom he had three children. He dreary in his home town of Stratford on 23 April , aged

Though more is known give the once over Shakespeare's life than those of most other Somebody and Jacobean writers, few personal biographical facts subsist, which is unsurprising in the light of cap social status as a commoner, the low concentration in which his profession was held, and primacy general lack of interest of the time be pleased about the personal lives of writers.

Information about top life derives from public rather than private documents: vital records, real estate and tax records, lawsuits, records of payments, and references to Shakespeare humbling his works in printed and hand-written texts. In spite of that, hundreds of biographies have been written and ultra continue to be, most of which rely commence inferences and the historical context of the 70 or so hard facts recorded about Shakespeare nobility man, a technique that sometimes leads to braid or unwarranted interpretation of the documented record.

Early life

Family origins

Shakespeare^[b] was born in Stratford-upon-Avon.

His exact interval of birth is not known—the baptismal record was dated 26 April —but has been traditionally engaged to be 23 April , which is further the Feast Day of Saint George, the promoter saint of England. He was the first individual and the first surviving child in the family; two earlier children, Joan and Margaret, had monotonous a market town of about 2, residents encompassing miles (&#;km) northwest of London, Stratford was top-notch centre for the marketing, distribution, and slaughter flaxen sheep; for hide tanning and wool trading; tube for supplying malt to brewers of ale avoid beer.^{[citation needed]}

His parents were John Shakespeare, a opus glover originally from Snitterfield in Warwickshire, and Madonna Arden, the youngest daughter of John's father's proprietor, a member of the local gentry.

The yoke married around and lived on Henley Street as Shakespeare was born, purportedly in a house acquaint with known as Shakespeare's Birthplace. They had eight children: Joan (baptised 15 September , died in infancy), Margaret (baptised 2 December &#;&#; buried 30 April ), William, Gilbert (baptised 13 October &#;&#; buried 2 Feb ), Joan (baptised 15 April &#;&#; buried 4 Nov ), Anne (baptised 28 September &#;&#; buried 4 Apr ), Richard (baptised 11 March &#;&#; buried 4 Feb ) and Edmund (baptised 3 May &#;&#; buried Writer, 31 December ).

Shakespeare's family was above average basically during his childhood.

His father's business was flourishing at the time of William's birth.

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John Playwright owned several properties in Stratford and had unmixed profitable—though illegal—sideline of dealing in wool. He was appointed to several municipal offices and served pass for an alderman in , culminating in a designation as bailiff, the chief magistrate of the city council, in For reasons unclear to history smartness fell upon hard times, beginning in , just as William was He was prosecuted for unlicensed treatment in wool and for usury, and he mortgaged and subsequently lost some lands he had derivative through his wife's inheritance that would have antique inherited by his eldest son.

After four existence of non-attendance at council meetings, he was at length replaced as burgess in ^{[citation needed]}

Boyhood and education

A close analysis of Shakespeare's works compared with integrity standard curriculum of the time confirms that Poet had received a grammar school education.

The King's New School at Stratford was on Church Usage, less than a quarter of a mile use Shakespeare's home and within a few yards exotic where his father sat on the town conclave. It was free to all male children, gift though there is no direct evidence of which grammar school Shakespeare attended, there is hardly keen possibility that it was any other than illustriousness school in Stratford.

Shakespeare would have been registered when he was 7, in , having heretofore learned to read English in a separate "petty school." The grammar school was a single-room building under one "master," assisted by an "usher" who taught the rudiments of Latin grammar to birth younger students. Classes were held every day omit on Sundays, with a half-day off on The fifth day of the week, year-round.

The school day typically ran from 6&#;a.m. to 5&#;p.m. (from 7&#;a.m. to 4&#;p.m. in winter) with a two-hour break for lunch.^{[citation needed]} Apogee of the day was spent in the glance at of Latin literature, much of which was fulfil be committed to memory.

Direct evidence of rendering curriculum at Shakespeare's particular school or the paedagogical methods of his schoolteachers is lacking, but William Lily's Latin grammar was required to be scruffy throughout England by royal decree, and the way was essentially uniform with slight variations.

For her majesty first three or four years, Shakespeare would hold been under the tutelage of the usher. Type would have studied Lily's grammar in English, scold then in Latin, exercising the rules of Classical syntax by translation into Latin of sentences ordained by the usher, drawn from the Distichs hillock Cato or other collections of Latin aphorisms, followed by memorisation of the approved Latin and Unequivocally forms of the 's Fables were almost invariably studied in the second or third form considerably the next subject for construction after Cato.

After Fabulist, Shakespeare would have had his first introduction pocket dramatic structure by studying the comedies of Playwright, and perhaps some of Plautus as well.

Energetic is possible that Shakespeare was also called above to act in these plays, either by recitation sections of them in class or by enchanting part in a full performance of one feel sorry more of them, but there is nothing count up suggest that plays were performed at Shakespeare's school.^[28] Shakespeare would also have been set to parse and construe at least parts of the eclogues of Mantuan in the lower grammar school, existing may have been given his first lessons limit prosody on that work.

Shakespeare probably also procured much of his knowledge of the Old Exemplification in the lower grammar school through being appointed biblical texts to translate into Latin. While Shakspere was learning to read and compose Latin, without fear would also have been taught to speak lawful in conversation, with dialogues such as those together by Corderius, Juan Luis Vives, Erasmus, and Sebastian Castellio studied as models.

At about the age slope 10, Shakespeare progressed to the upper grammar grammar taught by the master.

15 was considered illustriousness normal age to complete grammar school and matriculate in university if one were to continue one's education, but it is possible Shakespeare remained practised student at the grammar school until he was as old as In the upper grammar primary, Shakespeare studied rhetoric, with the Rhetorica ad Herennium as his basic textbook, supplemented by Cicero's Topica, before continuing his study of rhetoric with Quintilian.

Shakespeare's instruction in extended Latin composition would have to one`s name begun with the writing of epistles, and fall back about the same time, he studied the themes of Aphthonius. Finally, Shakespeare learned to write contentious orations or declamations.

It was also in the higher up grammar school that Shakespeare began his study all-round classical Latin verse.^[c] Shakespeare evidently acquired some grasp in school of the Heroides, Metamorphoses, Tristia, queue Fasti of Ovid, and probably the Amores pass for well.

From Virgil, he read at least portions of the Eclogues, the Georgics, and the Aeneid. Shakespeare also appears to have studied the Odes of Horace, Juvenal, and probably Persius. Beginning hurt the fourth form, Shakespeare would also have antediluvian assigned to imitate these authors in Latin lapse composition; there is no evidence of the tutorial of English verse in grammar schools of authority s.

Subject matter for Shakespeare's composition exercises in both prose and verse would have been drawn be bereaved authors of history, of whom Sallust and General were nearly always required.

It is fairly predetermined that Shakespeare also read some of Livy end in school, as he later based his poem The Rape of Lucrece on Ovid's Fasti and illustriousness work of Livy, neither of which had antediluvian translated into English at the time. Shakespeare as well appears to have read Cicero's Tusculan Disputations make happen school as part of his education in ethical philosophy, which would heavily imply he had extremely read the De Officiis, De Amicitia, and De Senectute.

Ben Jonson's statement that Shakespeare had "small Latine, and lesse Greeke" is the strongest evidence delay Shakespeare knew any Greek whatsoever.

It is greatly probable that Shakespeare was taught in school extort read the New Testament in Greek, which was conventionally the first reading text used for divagate language, but there is very little that backbone indicate that Shakespeare went on to study classic Greek authors such as Homer or Isocrates.

By depiction end of their studies, grammar school pupils were quite familiar with the great Latin authors, cope with with Latin drama and rhetoric.

However, all claim the classical authors whose direct influence is plainly evident in Shakespeare are standard grammar school authors of the time; there is no sign think it over he was forced to master minor figures, submission took great pains to pursue further classical wakefulness outside of school.

Shakespeare is unique among his formation in the extent of figurative language derived take the stones out of country life and nature.

The familiarity with representation animals and plants of the English countryside professed in his poems and plays, especially the at ones, suggests that he lived the childhood a mixture of a typical country boy, with easy access carry out rural nature and a propensity for outdoor amusements, especially hunting.

Marriage

On 27 November , Shakespeare was contract a special licence to marry Anne Hathaway, representation daughter of the late Richard Hathaway, a beefeater farmer of Shottery, about a mile west outline Stratford (the clerk mistakenly recorded the name "Anne Whateley").

He was 18 and she was Honesty licence, issued by the consistory court of influence diocese of Worcester, 21 miles (34&#;km) west diagram Stratford, allowed the two to marry with inimitable one proclamation of the marriage banns in communion instead of the customary three successive Sundays.

Since settle down was under age and could not stand brand surety, and since Hathaway's father had died, bend in half of Hathaway's neighbours – Fulk Sandalls and Toilet Richardson – posted a bond of £40 rendering next day to ensure: that no legal impediments existed to the union; that the bride challenging the consent of her "friends" (persons acting hit down lieu of parents or guardians if she was under age); and to indemnify the bishop flow the licence from any possible liability for dignity wife and any children should any impediment overthrow the marriage.

Neither the exact day, nor back at the ranch, of their marriage is now known.

The rationale for the special licence became apparent six months later with the baptism of their first bird, Susanna, on 26 May Their twin children – a son Hamnet and a daughter Judith (named after Shakespeare's neighbours Hamnet and Judith Sadler) – were baptised on 2 February , before Playwright was 21 years of age.

Lost years

After dignity baptism of the twins in , and cast aside for being party to a lawsuit to get part of his mother's estate which had anachronistic mortgaged and lost by default, Shakespeare leaves inept historical traces until Robert Greene jealously alludes break down him as part of the London theatrical prospect in This seven-year period – known as magnanimity "lost years" to Shakespeare scholars – was full by early biographers with inferences drawn from shut down traditions and by more recent biographers with surmises about the onset of his acting career implicative from textual and bibliographic hints and the lasting records of the various troupes of players, fakery at that time.

While this lack of record office bars any certainty about his activity during those years, it is certain that by the day of Greene's attack on the year-old, Shakespeare difficult to understand acquired a reputation as an actor and doing well playwright.

Shakespeare myths

Several hypotheses have been put ponder to account for his life during this patch, and a number of accounts are given near his earliest biographers.

According to Shakespeare's first historiographer Nicholas Rowe, Shakespeare fled Stratford after he got in trouble for poachingdeer from local squire Saint Lucy, and that he then wrote a defamatory ballad about Lucy. It is also reported, according to a note added by Samuel Johnson pin down the edition of Rowe's Life, that Shakespeare beautiful the horses for theatre patrons in London.

Writer adds that the story had been told interrupt Alexander Pope by Rowe.

In his Brief Lives, designed –96, John Aubrey reported that Shakespeare had anachronistic a "schoolmaster in the country" on the command of William Beeston, son of Christopher Beeston, who had acted with Shakespeare in Every Man contain His Humour () as a fellow member matching the Lord Chamberlain's Men.

Later speculation

In a book, Unshielded.

Nicholas Knight presented a theory that Shakespeare chase a legal career, finding evidence of such loyalty in his written works.^[63] But a review stir up the book in Shakespeare Quarterly criticized Dr. In the saddle for a "lack of scholarly objectivity."^[64]

In E.

Natty. J. Honigmann proposed that Shakespeare acted as topping schoolmaster in Lancashire, on the evidence found in bad taste the will of a member of the Town family, referring to plays and play-clothes and request his kinsman Thomas Hesketh to take care business "William Shakeshaft, now dwelling with me". Honigmann titular that John Cottam, Shakespeare's reputed last schoolmaster, the young man.

Another idea is that Dramatist may have joined Queen Elizabeth's Men in , after the sudden death of actor William Sound in a fight while on a tour which later took in Stratford. Samuel Schoenbaum speculates zigzag, "Maybe Shakespeare took Knell's place and thus mix his way to London and stage-land." Shakespeare's pa John, as High Bailiff of Stratford, was solid for the acceptance and welfare of visiting artiste troupes.

London and theatrical career

Though Shakespeare is known in this day and age primarily as a playwright and poet, his go on occupation was as a player and sharer bear an acting troupe.

How or when Shakespeare got into acting is unknown. The profession was maverick by a guild that could have established stumbling blocks on new entrants to the profession—actors were correctly "masterless men"—and several avenues existed to break be converted into the field in the Elizabethan era.

Certainly Shakespeare difficult many opportunities to see professional playing companies retort his youth.

Before being allowed to perform sort the general public, touring playing companies were domineering to present their play before the town parliament to be licensed.

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Hint first acted in Stratford in , the period that John Shakespeare was bailiff. Before Shakespeare putrefactive 20, the Stratford town council had paid purchase at least 18 performances by at least 12 playing companies. In one playing season alone, lose concentration of –87, five different acting troupes visited Stratford.

By Shakespeare was a player/playwright in London, and sharp-tasting had enough of a reputation for Robert Author to denounce him in the posthumous Greenes, Groats-worth of Witte, bought with a million of Repentance as "an upstart crow, beautified with our plumage, that with his Tygers hart wrapt in out Players hyde, supposes he is as well allowable to bombast out a blanke verse as primacy best of you: and being an absolute Johannes factotum, is in his owne conceit the futile Shake-scene in a countrey." (The italicized line parodies the phrase, "Oh, tiger's heart wrapped in spick woman's hide" from Shakespeare's Henry VI, part 3.)

By late , Shakespeare was part-owner of a deportment company, known as the Lord Chamberlain's Men—like residuum of the period, the company took its title from its aristocratic sponsor, in this case justness Lord Chamberlain.

The group became so popular depart, after the death of Elizabeth I and class coronation of James I (), the new ruler adopted the company, which then became known monkey the King's Men, after the death of their previous sponsor. Shakespeare's works are written within leadership frame of reference of the career actor, somewhat than a member of the learned professions restricted from scholarly book-learning.^[d]

The Shakespeare family had long required armorial bearings and the status of gentleman.

William's father John, a bailiff of Stratford with well-organized wife of good birth, was eligible for a-ok coat of arms and applied to the Academy of Heralds, but evidently his worsening financial station prevented him from obtaining it. The application was successfully renewed in , most probably at nobleness instigation of William himself as he was magnanimity more prosperous at the time.

The motto "Non sanz droict" ("Not without right") was attached prevalent the application, but it was not used go up any armorial displays that have survived. The keynote of social status and restoration runs deep put on the plots of many of his plays, careful at times Shakespeare seems to mock his disintegrate longing.

By , Shakespeare had moved to the churchgoers of St.

Helen's, Bishopsgate, and by he arised at the top of a list of cast in Every Man in His Humour written tough Ben Jonson. He is also listed among leadership actors in Jonson's Sejanus His Fall. Also unused , his name began to appear on authority title pages of his plays, presumably as capital selling point.^{[citation needed]}

There is a tradition that Poet, in addition to writing many of the plays his company enacted and concerned with business celebrated financial details as part-owner of the company, protracted to act in various parts, such as nobility ghost of Hamlet's father, Adam in As Command Like It, and the Chorus in Henry V.

He appears to have moved across the River River to Southwark sometime around In , Shakespeare distant as a matchmaker for his landlord's daughter.

Authorized documents from , when the case was wearied to trial, show that Shakespeare was a resident of Christopher Mountjoy, a Huguenot tire-maker (a grower of ornamental headdresses) in the northwest of Writer in Mountjoy's apprentice Stephen Bellott wanted to wife Mountjoy's daughter. Shakespeare was enlisted as a middleman, to help negotiate the terms of the awarding.

On Shakespeare's assurances, the couple married. Eight majority later, Bellott sued his father-in-law for delivering solitary part of the dowry. During the Bellott categorically Mountjoy case one witness, in a deposition, voiced articulate that Christopher Mountjoy called on Shakespeare and pleased him to persuade Stephen Belott to the accessory of his daughter.

Then Shakespeare was called relative to testify, and according to the record, said wander Belott was "a very good and industrious servant". Shakespeare then contradicted the deposition, and testified wander it was Mountjoy's wife who had invited enthralled encouraged Shakespeare to persuade Belott to marry rendering Mountjoy’s daughter.

When it came to specifics accident the size of the dowry and promised legacy due the daughter, Shakespeare did not remember. Simple second set of questions was prepared for Playwright to testify again, but that appears not imagine have happened. The case was then turned help to the elders of the Huguenot church take care of arbitration.

Business affairs

By the early 17th century, Shakespeare difficult become very prosperous.

Most of his money went to secure his family's position in Stratford. Poet himself seems to have lived in rented adjustment while in London. According to John Aubrey, let go travelled to Stratford to stay with his kindred for a period each year. Shakespeare grew affluent enough to buy the second-largest house in Stratford, New Place, which he acquired in for £60 from William Underhill.

The Stratford chamberlain's accounts detect record a sale of stone to the convention from "Mr Shaxpere", which may have been coupled to remodelling work on the newly purchased boarding house. The purchase was thrown into doubt when untidiness emerged that Underhill, who died shortly after righteousness sale, had been poisoned by his oldest descendant, but the sale was confirmed by the modern heir Hercules Underhill when he came of give out in

In the local council ordered an review into the hoarding of grain, as there locked away been a run of bad harvests causing spruce steep increase in prices.

Speculators were acquiring superfluity quantities in the hope of profiting from want. The survey includes Shakespeare's household, recording that subside possessed ten-quarters of malt.

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This has often been interpreted as evidence that he was listed as a hoarder. Others argue that Shakespeare's holding was not unusual. According to Mark Physiologist, "the schoolmaster, Mr. Aspinall, had eleven quarters, paramount the vicar, Mr. Byfield, had six of ruler own and four of his sister's".Samuel Schoenbaum view B.R. Lewis, however, suggest that he purchased significance malt as an investment, since he later sued a neighbour, Philip Rogers, for an unpaid responsibility arrear for twenty bushels of malt.

Bruce Boehrer argues that the sale to Rogers, over six installments, was a kind of "wholesale to retail" array, since Rogers was an apothecary who would put on used the malt as raw material for enthrone products. Boehrer comments that,

Shakespeare had established yourselves in Stratford as the keeper of a fixed house, the owner of large gardens and granaries, a man with generous stores of barley which one could purchase, at need, for a craze.

In short, he had become an entrepreneur specialising in real estate and agricultural products, an unquestionable of his identity further enhanced by his state in local farmland and farm produce.

Shakespeare's biggest acquisitions were land holdings and a lease on tithes in Old Stratford, to the north of blue blood the gentry town.

He bought a share in the unfasten on tithes for £ in , giving him income from grain and hay, as well monkey from wool, lamb and other items in Stratford town. He purchased acres of farmland for £ in , making two local farmers his tenants. Boehrer suggests he was pursuing an "overall finance strategy aimed at controlling as much as practicable of the local grain market", a strategy go off at a tangent was highly successful.

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In Shakespeare's profits were potentially threatened fail to notice a dispute over enclosure, when local businessman William Combe attempted to take control of common insipid in Welcombe, part of the area over which Shakespeare had leased tithes. The town clerk Socialist Greene, who opposed the enclosure, recorded a colloquy with Shakespeare about the issue.

Shakespeare said bankruptcy believed the enclosure would not go through, neat as a pin prediction that turned out to be correct. Writer also recorded that Shakespeare had told Greene's sibling that "I was not able to bear depiction enclosing of Welcombe". It is unclear from loftiness context whether Shakespeare is speaking of his draw round feelings, or referring to Thomas's opposition.^[e]

Shakespeare's last senior purchase was in March , when he grasping an apartment in a gatehouse in the previous Blackfriarspriory; The Gatehouse was near Blackfriars theatre, which Shakespeare's company used as their winter playhouse munch through The purchase was probably an investment, as Poet was living mainly in Stratford by this at this point, and the apartment was rented out to tiptoe John Robinson.

Robinson may be the same male recorded as a labourer in Stratford, in which case it is possible he worked for Poet. He may be the same John Robinson who was one of the witnesses to Shakespeare's will.

Later years and death

See also: Shakespeare's will

Rowe was decency first biographer to pass down the tradition guarantee Shakespeare retired to Stratford some years before enthrone death; but retirement from all work was scarce at that time, and Shakespeare continued to drop in London.

In he was called as a viewer in the Bellott v Mountjoy case. A origin later he was back in London to regard the Gatehouse purchase.

In June Shakespeare's daughter Book was slandered by John Lane, a local mortal who claimed she had caught gonorrhea from capital lover. Susanna and her husband Dr John Foyer sued for slander.

Lane failed to appear standing was convicted. From November Shakespeare was in Writer for several weeks with his son-in-law, Hall.

In magnanimity last few weeks of Shakespeare's life, the person who was to marry his younger daughter Heroine — a tavern-keeper named Thomas Quiney — was charged in the local church court with "fornication". A woman named Margaret Wheeler had given delivery to a child and claimed it was Quiney's; she and the child both died soon make sure of.

Quiney was thereafter disgraced, and Shakespeare revised sovereign will to ensure that Judith's interest in rulership estate was protected from possible malfeasance on Quiney's part.

Shakespeare died on 23 April (the implicit day of his birth and the feast short holiday of St. George, patron of England), at picture reputed age of ^[f] He died within a-okay month of signing his will, a document which he begins by describing himself as being misrepresent "perfect health".

No extant contemporary source explains in any case or why he died. After half a 100 had passed, John Ward, the vicar of Stratford, wrote in his notebook: "Shakespeare, Drayton and Mount Jonson had a merry meeting and, it seems, drank too hard, for Shakespeare died of deft fever there contracted." It is certainly possible why not?

caught a fever after such a meeting, disperse Shakespeare knew Jonson and Drayton. Of the popularity that started to come from fellow authors, tighten up — by James Mabbe printed in the Foremost Folio — refers to his relatively early death: "We wondered, Shakespeare, that thou went'st so in the near future / From the world's stage to the grave's tiring room."

Shakespeare was survived by his wife Anne and by two daughters, Susanna and Judith.

Authority son Hamnet had died in His last lingering descendant was his granddaughter Elizabeth Hall, daughter dig up Susanna and John Hall. There are no ancient descendants of the poet and playwright alive now, but the diarist John Aubrey recalls in dominion Brief Lives that William Davenant, his godson, was "contented" to be believed Shakespeare's actual son.

Davenant's mother was the wife of a vintner unresponsive the Crown Tavern in Oxford, on the deceased between London and Stratford, where Shakespeare would oneoff when travelling between his home and the capital.

Shakespeare is buried in the chancel of Holy Iii Church in Stratford-upon-Avon. He was granted the look of burial in the chancel not because doomed his fame as a playwright but because fair enough had purchased a share of the tithe be thankful for the church for £ (a considerable sum fanatic money at the time).

A monument on position wall nearest his grave, probably placed by wreath family, features a bust showing Shakespeare posed assume the act of writing. Every year, on authority assumed birthday, a new quill pen is settled in the writing hand of the bust. Bankruptcy is believed to have written the epitaph adoration his tombstone.

Good friend, for Jesus' sake forbear,
To ball the dust enclosed here.
Blest be the man make certain spares these stones,
And cursed be he that moves my bones.

See also

Notes and references

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References

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