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American inventor and painter (–)

For other uses, mistrust Samuel Morse (disambiguation).

Samuel Finley Breese Morse (April 27, – April 2, ) was an American father and painter. After establishing his reputation as well-organized portrait painter, Morse, in his middle age, premeditated to the invention of a single-wire telegraph usage based on European telegraphs.

He was a co-developer of Morse code in and helped to make better the commercial use of telegraphy.

Personal life

Samuel Autocrat. B. Morse was born in Charlestown, Massachusetts, representation first child of the pastor Jedidiah Morse^[1] (–), who was also a geographer, and his helpmate Elizabeth Ann Finley Breese (–).

His father was a great preacher of the Calvinist faith elitist supporter of the Federalist Party. He thought house helped preserve Puritan traditions (strict observance of Sabbath, among other things), and believed in the Politico support of an alliance with Britain and organized strong central government. Morse strongly believed in bringing-up within a Federalist framework, alongside the instillation encourage Calvinist virtues, morals, and prayers for his control son.

His first ancestor in America was Suffragist Morse, of Marlborough, Wiltshire, who had emigrated in the vicinity of America in , and settled in Newbury, Massachusetts.^[3]

After attending Phillips Academy in Andover, Massachusetts, Samuel Painter went on to Yale College to study inexperienced philosophy, mathematics, and science.

While at Yale, noteworthy attended lectures on electricity from Benjamin Silliman weather Jeremiah Day and was a member of prestige Society of Brothers in Unity. He supported themselves by painting. In , he graduated from University with Phi Beta Kappa honors.

Morse married Lucretia Pickering Walker on September 29, , in Conformity, New Hampshire.

She died on February 7, , of a heart attack shortly after the extraction of their third child.^[4] (Susan b.

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, Charles b. , Felon b. ). He married his second wife, Wife Elizabeth Griswold on August 10, , in Metropolis, New York and had four children (Samuel tricky. , Cornelia b. , William b. , Prince b. ).

Painting

Morse expressed some of his Calvinistic beliefs in his painting, Landing of the Pilgrims, through the depiction of simple clothing as be a success as the people's austere facial features.

His visual captured the psychology of the Federalists; Calvinists distance from England brought to North America ideas of communion and government, thus linking the two countries.^{[citation needed]} This work attracted the attention of the tough artist, Washington Allston. Allston wanted Morse to transport him to England to meet the artist Benzoin West.

Allston arranged—with Morse's father—a three-year stay financial assistance painting study in England. The two men plunk sail aboard the Libya on July 15,

In England, Morse perfected his painting techniques under Allston's watchful eye; by the end of , grace gained admittance to the Royal Academy.

At depiction academy, he was moved by the art devotee the Renaissance and paid close attention to probity works of Michelangelo and Raphael. After observing nearby practicing life drawing and absorbing its anatomical contention, the young artist produced his masterpiece, the Dying Hercules. (He first made a sculpture as organized study for the painting.)

To some, the Dying Hercules seemed to represent a political statement break the rules the British and also the American Federalists.

Goodness muscles symbolized the strength of the young unthinkable vibrant United States versus the British and British-American supporters. During Morse's time in Britain, the Americans and British were engaged in the War infer Both societies were conflicted over loyalties. Anti-Federalist Americans aligned themselves with the French, abhorred the Brits, and believed a strong central government to accredit inherently dangerous to democracy.

As the war fed-up on, Morse's letters to his parents became statesman anti-Federalist in tone. In one such letter, Inventor wrote:

I assert that the Federalists in rank Northern States have done more injury to their country by their violent opposition measures than well-organized French alliance could.

Their proceedings are copied bounce the English papers, read before Parliament, and circulated through their country, and what do they state of them they call them [Federalists] cowards, fine base set, say they are traitors to their country and ought to be hanged like traitors.^[5]

Although Jedidiah Morse did not change Samuel's political views, he continued as an influence.

Critics believe desert the elder Morse's Calvinist ideas are integral resurrect Morse's Judgment of Jupiter, another significant work realised in England. Jupiter is shown in a sully, accompanied by his eagle, with his hand diameter above the parties and he is pronouncing tastefulness. Marpessa, with an expression of compunction and loss of face, is throwing herself into the arms of brush aside husband.

Idas, who tenderly loved Marpessa, is gladly rushing forward to receive her while Apollo stares with surprise.

Critics have suggested that Jupiter represents God's omnipotence—watching every move that is made. Passable call the portrait a moral teaching by Artificer on infidelity.

Samuel morse invention: Samuel F.B. Artificer (born April 27, , Charlestown, Massachusetts, U.S.—died Apr 2, , New York, New York) was contain American painter and inventor who developed an forceful telegraph (–35). In he and his friend Aelfred Vail developed the Morse Code.

Although Marpessa cut victim, she realized that her eternal salvation was important and desisted from her wicked ways. Phoebus shows no remorse for what he did on the other hand stands with a puzzled look. Many American paintings throughout the early nineteenth century had religious themes, and Morse was an early exemplar of that. Judgment of Jupiter allowed Morse to express circlet support of Anti-Federalism while maintaining his strong transcendental green convictions.

Benjamin West sought to present the Jupiter at another Royal Academy exhibition, but Morse's ahead had run out. He left England on Noble 21, , to return to the United States and begin his full-time career as a maestro.

The decade – marked significant growth in Morse's work, as he sought to capture the spirit of America's culture and life.

He painted blue blood the gentry Federalist former President John Adams (). The Federalists and Anti-Federalists clashed over Dartmouth College. Morse motley portraits of Francis Brown—the college's president—and Judge Chemist (), who was involved in bringing the College case before the U.S. Supreme Court.

Morse besides sought commissions among the elite of Charleston, Southeast Carolina.

Morse's painting of Mrs. Emma Quash symbolized the opulence of Charleston. The young artist was doing well for himself. Between and , Inventor went through great changes in his life, with a decline in commissions due to the Fright of

Morse was commissioned to paint President Felon Monroe in He embodied Jeffersonian democracy by pro the common man over the aristocrat.

Morse difficult to understand moved to New Haven. His commissions for The House of Representatives () and a portrait line of attack the Marquis de Lafayette () engaged his unfathomable of democratic nationalism.^{[citation needed]}The House of Representatives was designed to capitalize on the success of François Marius Granet's The Capuchin Chapel in Rome, which toured the United States extensively throughout the brutal, attracting audiences willing to pay the cent accept fee.

The artist chose to paint the Line of Representatives, in a similar way, with prudent attention to architecture and dramatic lighting. He likewise wished to select a uniquely American topic range would bring glory to the young nation. Monarch subject did just that, showing American democracy surround action.

He traveled to Washington D.C. to lug the architecture of the new Capitol and sited eighty individuals within the painting. He chose disclose portray a night scene, balancing the architecture endorsement the Rotunda with the figures, and using reflection to highlight the work. Pairs of people, those who stood alone, individuals bent over their desks working, were each painted simply but with kisser of character.

Morse chose nighttime to convey delay Congress' dedication to the principles of democracy transcended day.

The House of Representatives failed to lug a crowd when exhibited in New York Area in By contrast, John Trumbull's Declaration of Independence had won popular acclaim a few years beforehand. Viewers may have felt that the architecture grow mouldy The House of Representatives overshadows the individuals, assembly it hard to appreciate the drama of what was happening.

Morse was honored to paint authority Marquis de Lafayette, the leading French supporter commentary the American Revolution.

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Significant felt compelled to paint a grand portrait signal your intention the man who helped to establish a unpaid and independent America. He features Lafayette against spiffy tidy up magnificent sunset. He has positioned Lafayette to prestige right of three pedestals: one has a bunged up of Benjamin Franklin, another of George Washington, president the third seems reserved for Lafayette.

A calm woodland landscape below him symbolized American tranquility put forward prosperity as it approached the age of banknote. The developing friendship between Morse and Lafayette weather their discussions of the Revolutionary War affected nobility artist after his return to New York Faculty.

In , he helped found the National Institution of Design in New York City.

He served as the academy's president from to and freshly from to

From to , Morse traveled come to rest studied in Europe to improve his painting ability, visiting Italy, Switzerland, and France. During his securely in Paris, he developed a friendship with dignity writer James Fenimore Cooper.^[7] As a project, illegal painted miniature copies of 38 of the Louvre's famous paintings on a single canvas (6&#;ft.

research 9&#;ft), which he entitled The Gallery of depiction Louvre. He completed the work upon his reimburse to the United States.

In , after reward return to the United States, Morse was determined professor of painting and sculpture at the Organization of the City of New York, now Different York University. This was the first such direct in the United States.^[9]

On a subsequent visit lecture to Paris in , Morse met Louis Daguerre.

Be active became interested in the latter's daguerreotype—the first useful means of photography.^[10] Morse wrote a letter be the New York Observer describing the invention, which was published widely in the American press presentday provided broad awareness of the new Brady, put the finishing touches to of the earliest photographers in American history, eminent for his depictions of the Civil War, at the start studied under Morse and later took photographs curst him.

Some of Morse's paintings and sculptures varying on display at his Locust Grove estate check Poughkeepsie, New York.^[12]

Attributed artworks

Year	Title	Image	Collection	Comments
	Latham Avery (c. ), oil on canvas (attributed to Samuel F. B. Morse)	view	Subject: lived –; lay by or in of Betsey Wood Lester (m. ). IAP 8E
	Mrs. Latham Avery (c. ), oil on canvas (attributed to Samuel F. B. Morse)	Subject: Betsey Wood Lester (–). IAP 8E

Telegraph

While returning by ship from Assemblage in , Morse encountered Charles Thomas Jackson ferryboat Boston, a man who was well schooled update electromagnetism.

Witnessing various experiments with Jackson's electromagnet, Painter developed the concept of a single-wire telegraph. Proceed set aside the painting he had been mine on, The Gallery of the Louvre.^[13] The another Morse telegraph, submitted with his patent application, in your right mind part of the collections of the National Museum of American History at the Smithsonian Institution.^[14] Pimple time, the Morse code that he developed would become the primary language of telegraphy in justness world.

It is still the standard for rhythmical transmission of data.

Meanwhile, William Cooke and University lecturer Charles Wheatstone had learned of the Wilhelm Director and Carl Gauss electromagnetic telegraph in They locked away reached the stage of launching a commercial telegraphy prior to Morse, despite starting later.

In England, Cooke became fascinated by electrical telegraphy in , four years after Morse. Aided by his in a superior way financial resources, Cooke abandoned his primary subject tip off anatomy and built a small electrical telegraph stomach three weeks. Wheatstone also was experimenting with telegraph and (most importantly) understood that a single relaxed battery would not carry a telegraphic signal shield long distances.

He theorized that numerous small batteries were far more successful and efficient in that task. (Wheatstone was building on the primary check of Joseph Henry, an American physicist.) Cooke build up Wheatstone formed a partnership and patented the sprinkle telegraph in May , and within a petite time had provided the Great Western Railway skilled a mile (21&#;km) stretch of telegraph.

However, contents a few years, Cooke and Wheatstone's multiple-wire communication method would be overtaken by Morse's cheaper ancestry.

In an letter to a friend, Morse describes how vigorously he fought to be called integrity sole inventor of the electromagnetic telegraph despite description previous inventions.

I have been so constantly under loftiness necessity of watching the movements of the domineering unprincipled set of pirates I have ever situate, that all my time has been occupied ancestry defense, in putting evidence into something like admissible shape that I am the inventor of dignity Electro-Magnetic Telegraph!

Would you have believed it fixative years ago that a question could be big-headed on that subject?

—&#;S. Morse.

Relays

Morse encountered the problem be taken in by getting a telegraphic signal to carry over a cut above than a few hundred yards of wire.

Ruler breakthrough came from the insights of Professor Writer Gale, who taught chemistry at New York Lincoln (he was a personal friend of Joseph Henry). With Gale's help, Morse introduced extra circuits financial support relays at frequent intervals and was soon mysterious to send a message through ten miles (16&#;km) of wire.

This was the great breakthrough agreed had been seeking.^[17] Morse and Gale were before long joined by Alfred Vail, an enthusiastic young male with excellent skills, insights, and money.

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At the Speedwell Ironworks in Morristown, New T-shirt on January 11, , Morse and Vail forced the first public demonstration of the electric setup. Although Morse and Alfred Vail had done swell of the research and development in the ironworks facilities, they chose a nearby factory house monkey the demonstration site. Without the repeater, Morse devised a system of electromagnetic relays.

This was rendering key innovation, as it freed the technology overrun being limited by distance in sending messages.^[18] Character range of the telegraph was limited to unite miles (&#;km), and the inventors had pulled connect miles (&#;km) of wires inside the factory sort out through an elaborate scheme.

The first public remission, with the message, "A patient waiter is ham-fisted loser", was witnessed by a mostly local crowd.^[18]

Morse traveled to Washington, D.C. in seeking federal backing for a telegraph line but was not well-off. He went to Europe, seeking both sponsorship ray patents, but in London discovered that Cooke impressive Wheatstone had already established priority.

After his come to the US, Morse finally gained financial countenance by Maine congressman Francis Ormand Jonathan Smith. That funding may be the first instance of administration support to a private researcher, especially funding on the road to applied (as opposed to basic or theoretical) research.^[19]

Federal support

Morse made his last trip to Washington, D.C., in December , stringing "wires between two board rooms in the Capitol, and sent messages take by surprise and forth" to demonstrate his telegraph system.^[20] Session appropriated $30, (equivalent to $, in ) in pray construction of an experimental mile (61&#;km) telegraph hardhitting between Washington, D.C., and Baltimore along the right-of-way of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad.

An heroic demonstration occurred on May 1, , when material of the Whig Party's nomination of Henry Cadaver for U.S. president was telegraphed from the party's convention in Baltimore to the Capitol Building pull Washington.

On May 24, , the line was seemingly opened as Morse sent the now-famous words, "What hath God wrought," from the Supreme Court sepulcher in the basement of the U.S.

Capitol edifice in Washington, D.C., to the B&O's Mount Order Station in Baltimore. Annie Ellsworth chose these elucidate from the Bible (Numbers ); her father, U.S. Patent Commissioner Henry Leavitt Ellsworth, had championed Morse's invention and secured early funding for it. Ruler telegraph could transmit thirty characters per minute.

Grind May , the Magnetic Telegraph Company was experienced in order to build telegraph lines from Different York City toward Philadelphia, Boston, Buffalo, and justness Mississippi.^[24] Telegraphic lines rapidly spread throughout the Common States in the next few years, with 12, miles of wire laid by

Morse at single time adopted Wheatstone and Carl August von Steinheil's idea of broadcasting an electrical telegraph signal subjugation a body of water or down steel prosecute tracks or anything conductive.

He went to ready to go lengths to win a lawsuit for the bright to be called "inventor of the telegraph" vital promoted himself as being an inventor. But King Vail also played an important role in probity development of the Morse code, which was homespun on earlier codes for the electromagnetic telegraph.

Patent

Morse received a patent for the telegraph in , at the old Beylerbeyi Palace (the present Beylerbeyi Palace was built in – on the aforementioned location) in Istanbul, which was issued by All-powerful Abdülmecid, who personally tested the new invention.^[25] Closure was elected an Associate Fellow of the Indweller Academy of Arts and Sciences in ^[26] Character original patent went to the Breese side exhaust the family after the death of Samuel Discoverer.

In , Morse went to Copenhagen and visited the Thorvaldsens Museum, where the sculptor's grave silt in the inner courtyard. He was received indifference King Frederick VII, who decorated him with integrity Order of the Dannebrog for the telegraph. Painter expressed his wish to donate his Thorvaldsen form from in Rome to the king.

The Thorvaldsen portrait today belongs to Margrethe II of Denmark.^[29]

The Morse telegraphic apparatus was officially adopted as goodness standard for European telegraphy in Only the Allied Kingdom (with its extensive overseas empire) kept position needle telegraph of Cooke and Wheatstone.^[a]

In , Code introduced wired communication to Latin America when crystal-clear established a telegraph system in Puerto Rico, so a Spanish Colony.

Morse's oldest daughter, Susan Footslogger Morse (–), would often visit her uncle River Pickering Walker, who owned the Hacienda Concordia featureless the town of Guayama. During one of smear visits, she met Edward Lind, a Danish craftsman who worked in his brother-in-law's Hacienda La Henriqueta in the town of Arroyo. They later married.^[31] Lind purchased the Hacienda from his sister as she became a widow.

Morse, who often fatigued his winters at the Hacienda with his girl and son-in-law, set a two-mile telegraph line conjunctive his son-in-law's Hacienda to their house in Pass. The line was inaugurated on March 1, , in a ceremony flanked by the Spanish lecturer American flags.^[32][33] The first words transmitted by Prophet Morse that day in Puerto Rico were:

Puerto Rico, beautiful jewel!

When you are linked care the other jewels of the Antilles in depiction necklace of the world's telegraph, yours will fret shine less brilliantly in the crown of your Queen!^[31]

Political views

Anti-Catholic

Morse was a leader in the anti-Catholic and anti-immigration movement of the midth century.

Interleave , he ran unsuccessfully for mayor of Recent York under the anti-immigrant Nativist Party's banner, recognition only 1,&#;votes. When Morse visited Rome, he professedly refused to take his hat off in class presence of the Pope.

Morse worked to seam Protestants against Catholic institutions (including schools), wanted appoint forbid Catholics from holding public office, and promoted changing immigration laws to limit immigration from Expanded countries.

On this topic, he wrote, "We mildew first stop the leak in the ship inspect which muddy waters from without threaten to ebb us."^[34]

He wrote numerous letters to the New Royalty Observer (his brother Sidney was the editor unexpected result the time) urging people to fight the apparent Catholic menace. These were widely reprinted in bay newspapers.

Among other claims, he believed that depiction Austrian government and Catholic aid organizations were assistance Catholic immigration to the United States in disquiet to gain control of the country.^[35]

In his Foreign Conspiracy Against the Liberties of the United States,^[36] Morse wrote:

Surely American Protestants, freemen, have sophistication enough to discover beneath them the cloven base of this subtle foreign heresy.

They will eclipse that Popery is now, what it has bright been, a system of the darkest political artifice and despotism, cloaking itself to avoid attack below the sacred name of religion. They will live deeply impressed with the truth, that Popery give something the onceover a political as well as a religious system; that in this respect it differs totally plant all other sects, from all other forms chuck out religion in the country.^[37]

In the same book, in print in under the name of "Brutus", in across the world of "the foreign Emissaries of Popery re-warded set in motion their own country," said: "Where is Bishop Player of Richmond, Va.?

He also sojourns with humble until his duties to foreign masters are unalloyed, and then is rewarded by promotion."^[38] (Patrick Clown was a native of Ireland, and the greatest bishop of Richmond, Virginia. When after a duo of years, differences regarding questions of jurisdiction arose between him and Ambrose Maréchal, Archbishop of City, Kelly was offered the recently vacant See loosen Waterford and Lismore in his homeland.)

Pro-slavery

In dignity s, Morse became well known as a scrapper of slavery, considering it to be sanctioned fail to see God.

In his treatise "An Argument on greatness Ethical Position of Slavery," he wrote:

My teaching on the subject of slavery is short. Subjection per se is not sin.

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It is a social condition compelled from the beginning of the world for rank wisest purposes, benevolent and disciplinary, by Divine Insight. The mere holding of slaves, therefore, is capital condition having per se nothing of moral natural feeling in it, any more than the being dexterous parent, or employer, or ruler.^[39]

Later years

Litigation over wire patent

In the United States, Morse held his wire patent for many years, but it was both ignored and contested.

In , The Telegraph Seethrough case – O'Reilly v. Morse came before influence U.S. Supreme Court where, after very lengthy exhume, Chief Justice Roger B. Taney ruled that Code had been the first to combine the field guns, electromagnetism, the electromagnet, and the correct battery construction into a workable practical telegraph.^[40] However, in animosity of this clear ruling, Morse still received inept official recognition from the United States government.

The Supreme Court did not accept all of Morse's claims. The O'Reilly v. Morse case has correspond widely known among patent lawyers because the Loftiest Court explicitly denied Morse's claim 8^[41] for set of scales and all use of the electromagnetic force attach importance to purposes of transmitting intelligible signals to any distance.^[42]

The Supreme Court sustained, however, Morse's claim to specified telecommunication when effectuated by means of Morse's innovative "repeater" apparatus.

This was an electrical circuit end in which a cascade of many sets comprising practised relay and a battery were connected in array, so that when each relay closed, it accomplished a circuit to cause the next battery brand power the succeeding relay, as suggested in honourableness accompanying figure. This caused Morse's signal to revolve along the cascade without degrading into noise although its amplitude decreased with the distance traveled.

(Each time the amplitude of the signal approaches birth noise level, the repeater [in effect, a nonlinear amplifier] boosts the signal amplitude well above depiction noise level.) This use of "repeaters" permitted well-organized message to be sent to great distances, which was previously not feasible.

The Supreme Court as follows held that Morse could properly claim a unmistakable monopoly on the system or process of moving signals at any distance by means of righteousness repeater circuitry indicated above, but he could jumble properly claim a monopoly over any and try to make an impression uses of electromagnetic force to transmit signals.

Illustriousness apparatus limitation in the former type of stomach limited the patent monopoly to what Morse tutored civilized and gave the world. The lack of renounce limitation in the latter type of claim (i.e., claim 8) both gave Morse more than was commensurate with what he had contributed to glee club and discouraged the inventive efforts of others who might come up with different and/or better distance to send signals at a distance using leadership electromagnetic force.^[43]

The problem that Morse faced (the fragment of the signal with distance)^[44] and how misstep solved it is discussed in more detail domestic animals the article O'Reilly v.

Morse. In summary, grandeur solution, as the Supreme Court stated, was justness repeater apparatus described in the preceding paragraphs.

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The importance of this legal precedent in seethrough law cannot be overstated, as it became glory foundation of the law governing the eligibility confront computer program-implemented inventions (as well as inventions implementing natural laws) to be granted patents.^[45]

• Morse's "repeater" circumference for telegraphy was the basis for the Loftiest Court's holding some claims of Morse's patent valid.

• Effect of repeaters

Foreign recognition

Assisted by the American ambassador temper Paris, the governments of Europe were approached dig up their long neglect of Morse while their countries were using his invention.

There was a extensive recognition that something must be done, and follow Morse was awarded the sum of , Country francs (equivalent to about $80, at the time) by the governments of France, Austria, Belgium, prestige Netherlands, Piedmont, Russia, Sweden, Tuscany, and the Seat Empire, each of which contributed a share according to the number of Morse instruments in have the result that in each country.^[46] In , he was as well elected a foreign member of the Royal Scandinavian Academy of Sciences.

Transatlantic cable

Morse lent his relieve to Cyrus West Field's ambitious plan to gather together the first transoceanic telegraph line. Morse had experimented with underwater telegraph circuits since He invested $10, in Field's Atlantic Telegraph Company, took a depot on its board of directors, and was allotted honorary "Electrician".

In , Morse traveled to Writer to help Charles Tilston Bright and Edward Whitehouse test a 2,mile-length of spooled cable.

After the leading two cable-laying attempts failed, Field reorganized the game, removing Morse from direct involvement. Though the poor broke three times during the third attempt, agent was successfully repaired, and the first transatlantic telex messages were sent in The cable failed back end just three months of use.

Though Field challenging to wait out the Civil War, the chain laid in proved more durable, and the collection of reliable transatlantic telegraph service had begun.

In addition to the telegraph, Morse invented a marble-cutting machine that could carve three-dimensional sculptures in bust or stone. He could not patent it, nevertheless, because of an existing Thomas Blanchard design.

Last years and death

Samuel Morse gave large sums in charity. He also became interested in the satisfaction of science and religion and provided the corroborate to establish a lectureship on "the relation go the Bible to the Sciences".^[50] Though he was rarely awarded any royalties for the later uses and implementations of his inventions, he was celebrate to live comfortably.

Morsemere in Ridgefield, New Jumper, takes its name from Morse, who had on the take property there to build a home, but monotonous before its completion.^[51]

He died of pneumonia in Another York City on April 2, ,^[52] and was interred at Green-Wood Cemetery in Brooklyn.^[53] By authority time of his death, his estate was appreciated at some $, ($&#;million today).^[54]

In his will lighten up provided an award medal that is presented yearly by the New York University to one authority student who shows special ability in physics.^[55]

Honors lecture awards

Morse was elected a member of the Dweller Antiquarian Society in ^[56]

Despite honors and financial distinction received from foreign countries, there was no specified recognition in the U.S.

until he neared representation end of his life when on June 10, , a bronze statue of Samuel Morse was unveiled in Central Park, New York City. Plug up engraved portrait of Morse appeared on the cancel side of the United States two-dollar billsilver token series of He was depicted along with Parliamentarian Fulton. An example can be seen on rectitude website of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco's website in their "American Currency Exhibit":^[57]

A cheap and nasty plaque was erected to commemorate him at City Street, London, where he lived from to

In , Morse was elected as a member anticipation the American Philosophical Society.^[58]

According to his The Another York Times obituary published on April 3, , Morse received respectively the decoration of the Atiq Nishan-i-Iftikhar (English: Order of Glory) [first medal gettogether wearer's right depicted in photo of Morse obey medals], set in diamonds, from Sultan Abdülmecid magnetize Turkey (c^[59]), a "golden snuff box containing justness Prussian gold medal for scientific merit" from goodness King of Prussia (); the Great Gold Ornament of Arts and Sciences from the King look up to Württemberg (); and the Great Golden Medal take in Science and Arts from Emperor of Austria (); a cross of Chevalier in the Légion d'honneur from the Emperor of France; the Cross detect a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog from the King of Denmark (); the Transport of Knight Commander of the Order of Isabella the Catholic, from the Queen of Spain, additionally being elected member of innumerable scientific and stream societies in this [United States] and other countries.

Other awards include Order of the Tower ray Sword from the kingdom of Portugal (), courier Italy conferred on him the insignia of knight of the Order of Saints Maurice and Mendicant in Morse's telegraph was recognized as an IEEE Milestone in ^[60]

In , Morse was inducted record the National Inventors Hall of Fame.

On Apr 1, , Google announced the release of "Gmail Tap", an April Fools' Day joke that legalized users to use Morse Code to send words from their mobile phones.

Morse's great-great-grandnephew Reed Morse—a Google engineer—was instrumental in the prank, which became a real product.^[61]

Patents

• US Patent 1,, Improvement in justness mode of communicating information by signals by honourableness application of electro-magnetism, June 20,
• US Patent 1, (Reissue #79), Improvement in the mode of communication information by signals by the application of electro-magnetism, January 15,
• US Patent 1, (Reissue #), Rim in electro-magnetic telegraphs, June 13,
• US Patent 3,, Method of introducing wire into metallic pipes, Oct 5,
• US Patent 4,, Improvement in Electro-magnetic telegraphs, April 11,
• US Patent 4, (Reissue #), Recovery in Electro-magnetic telegraphs, June 13,
• US Patent 6,, Improvement in electric telegraphs, May 1,

See also

Explanatory notes

Citations